To convert a hexadecimal number to a decimal number, follow these steps:

1. Assign a decimal value to each hexadecimal digit according to the following table:

2. Multiply each digit by its corresponding value of 16 raised to a power of 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on, depending on its position in the hexadecimal number. The rightmost digit has a power of 0, the next one to the left has a power of 1, and so on. For example, to convert the hexadecimal number 3D to decimal:

3D = (3 x 16^1) + (13 x 16^0) = (3 x 16) + (13 x 1) = 48 + 13 = 61

Therefore, the decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal number 3D is 61.

To convert a hexadecimal number to its decimal equivalent, follow these steps:

1. Assign a decimal value to each hexadecimal digit according to its position. The rightmost digit has a position of 0, the next one to the left has a position of 1, and so on. The values for the hexadecimal digits 0 to 9 are the same as their decimal counterparts. The values for the hexadecimal digits A to F are 10 to 15, respectively.
2. Multiply each digit by its corresponding power of 16, starting with 16^0 for the rightmost digit and increasing by powers of 16 as you move to the left.
3. Add up the products from step 2 to obtain the decimal equivalent.

For example, let’s convert the hexadecimal number “2A” to decimal:

2A = 2 x 16^1 + A x 16^0 = 2 x 16 + 10 x 1 = 32 + 10 = 42

Therefore, the decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal number 2A is 42.